To pour a liquid from a container. Also used to mean concentrating something abstract such as affection or one's gaze onto a single object. The target is either a liquid or an abstract feeling or gaze, as in 「お茶を注ぐ」, 「愛情を注ぐ」, or 「視線を注ぐ」.
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N2, N4育てるそだてる
To raise a child, animal, or plant, etc., to grow.
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N2即興そっきょう
Creating music, poetry, drama, or the like on the spot without prior preparation. Used in scenes of artistic creation, as in 「即興で演奏する」 or 「即興の詩」.
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N2, N4卒業そつぎょう
To finish all of one's studies at a school. The antonym is 「入学」 (enrollment).
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N2, N3そっくりそっくり
A state of being very similar. Example: 「父親にそっくりだ」 (to look just like one's father). Also used to mean entirely, with nothing left out, as in 「そっくりそのまま」 (exactly as is, in its entirety).
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N2即効そっこう
The fact that medicine, a treatment, or the like takes effect immediately. Used for things whose effect appears in a short time, as in 「即効性のある薬」 or 「即効の治療」.
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N2, N3そっとそっと
A manner of doing something quietly and gently, without making a sound. Example: 「そっとドアを閉める」 (to close a door quietly). There is also the expression 「そっとしておく」 (to leave someone/something alone).
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N2卒倒そっとう
The act of suddenly losing consciousness and collapsing on the spot. Used in forms like 「知らせを聞いて卒倒した」, expressing fainting and falling from a strong shock or surprise.
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N2袖そで
The part of a garment that covers the arm. Also, in the idiom 「袖にする」, used to mean treating someone coldly or paying them no attention. There are also other clothing-related idioms such as 「袖を通す」 (to put on a garment).
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N4祖父そふ
One's father's or mother's father. Grandfather.
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N4祖母そぼ
One's father's or mother's mother. Grandmother.
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N2, N3そろうそろう
For two or more things to become the same state. Example: 「サイズがそろう」 (sizes match). Also used to mean all the necessary things or people gathering, as in 「メンバーがそろう」 (all members are present). Written with the kanji 「揃う」, but since this kanji is not used in daily life, it is usually written in hiragana. A person making things the same is 「そろえる」, while the things themselves becoming the same is 「そろう」; they are used as in 「くつをそろえる」 versus 「くつがそろう」.
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N4退院たいいん
To leave the hospital after an illness or injury has healed. The antonym is 「入院」 (hospitalization).
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N2退学たいがく
Leaving school partway through, withdrawing from enrollment before graduation. Used in expressions such as 「退学する」「退学処分」. Often used for schools after compulsory education.
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N4大学生だいがくせい
university student. A student studying at a university.
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N2待遇たいぐう
The way a person is treated, especially the salary and working conditions a company provides for its employees. Used in expressions such as 「好待遇」「待遇改善を求める」. A frequently used word for treatment in workplaces and organizations.
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N2, N4大事だいじ
A state of being very important. Example: 「お体を大事にしてください」 (please take care of yourself).
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N2, N5大丈夫だいじょうぶ
A state of there being no problem, being reassuring. Example: 「大丈夫ですか」 (are you okay?).
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N4大体だいたい
roughly. Not in detail, approximately.
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N2大胆だいたん
A state of doing things without fear and with resolve. Used in expressions such as 「大胆な発想」「大胆に行動する」. Describes an attitude of overcoming fear or hesitation to act.
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N2対比たいひ
Placing two things side by side to clarify their differences and characteristics. Used in expressions such as 「光と影の対比」「両案を対比する」. Used in analytical contexts to highlight differences.
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N4大分だいぶ
considerably. Quite a lot, more than expected. It is usually written in hiragana as 「だいぶ」.
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N4台風たいふう
typhoon. A large storm accompanied by strong wind and rain.
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N4, N5大変たいへん
A state of something being very difficult or hard. Example: 「大変な仕事」 (a difficult job). Also used to mean "very."
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N2絶え間たえま
A break or interruption. Used in the forms 「絶え間ない」「絶え間なく」 to express continuing entirely without interruption. A formal written word used in contexts emphasizing continuity.
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N4倒れるたおれる
For something standing to fall over. Example: 「木が倒れる」 (a tree falls). Also used to mean becoming unable to move due to illness.
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N2妥協だきょう
Both opposing sides giving up some of their own positions and finding a point of agreement. Used in expressions such as 「労使の妥協」「妥協点を探る」.
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N2打撃だげき
To strike something hard; also, a serious blow or damage inflicted on one's mind or activities.
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N2多彩たさい
A state of having many kinds and being rich in variation. Used in expressions such as 「多彩な活躍」「多彩な顔ぶれ」. Used in contexts of evaluating diversity in colors, talents, or human resources.
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N2, N4確かたしか
A state of being certain. Also used to express that one doesn't remember clearly but thinks it's probably so. Example: 「確か明日だったと思う」 (I think it was probably tomorrow).
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N4, N5足すたす
To increase a number, to add. Example: 「1に2を足す」 (to add 2 to 1).
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N4訪ねるたずねる
To go visit a person's home or a place. Example: 「友達の家を訪ねる」 (to visit a friend's house). Distinguished in writing from the homophone 「尋ねる」 (to ask someone about something one doesn't know), and others.
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N4尋ねるたずねる
To ask a person about something one doesn't know. Example: 「道を尋ねる」 (to ask for directions). 「訪ねる」 means to go, while 「尋ねる」 means to ask; the meanings differ.
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N2惰性だせい
The tendency for a habit or momentum to continue as it has been; to keep going in the same way somewhat automatically, out of past momentum.
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N3〜N5正しいただしい
A state of having no mistakes. Fitting the rules. The antonym is 「間違っている」 (mistaken).
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N2直ちにただちに
Without letting time pass, immediately. Used in expressions such as 「直ちに対応する」「直ちに中止する」. A formal adverb used in contexts of orders, notices, or emergency responses.
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N4畳たたみ
A mat made of straw, laid on the floor of a Japanese room.
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N2, N3畳むたたむ
fold. To fold something spread out and make it smaller. Example: 「洗濯物を畳む」 (to fold laundry). Also used to mean closing a business, as in 「店を畳む」 (to close a shop for good).
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N2漂うただよう
To drift softly on the surface of water or through the air. Also, for an atmosphere or sign to spread throughout an area. Used in expressions such as 「香りが漂う」「霧が漂う」.
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N2立ち会うたちあう
Being present at the place where something is taking place and witnessing or being involved. Used in expressions such as 「手術に立ち会う」「契約に立ち会う」. A somewhat formal word used in official contexts.
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N2立ち去るたちさる
Leaving the place and going away. Used in expressions such as 「何も言わずに立ち去る」. A word that expresses the action of departing in a more formal style.
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N2立ち尽くすたちつくす
To remain standing in place without moving for a long time.
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N2立ち直るたちなおる
Returning to the original good state from a bad state such as failure, shock, or depression. Used in expressions such as 「スランプから立ち直る」「経営が立ち直る」.
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N2たちまちたちまち
A state in which a change occurs in a very short time. Used in expressions such as 「たちまち売り切れる」「たちまち広まる」. An adverb describing sudden change and the speed of reaction.
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N2, N5立つたつ
stand. To put one's feet down and hold the body upright. The antonym is 「座る」 (to sit).
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N2脱出だっしゅつ
To escape from a dangerous place or a difficult situation.
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N2脱退だったい
To leave a group or organization one belonged to.
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N2, N3縦たて
vertical. The up-and-down direction. Example: 「縦に並ぶ」 (to line up vertically). The antonym is 「横」 (horizontal).
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N2立て替えるたてかえる
Temporarily paying on behalf of someone else for an amount they should pay. Used when paying on the assumption of being reimbursed later. Used in expressions such as 「昼食代を立て替える」.
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N2〜N4立てるたてる
To place something upright. Example: 「かんばんを立てる」 (to put up a sign). Also used to mean making a plan, as in 「よていを立てる」 (to make a schedule). Distinguished in writing from the homophone 「建てる」 (to build a house or building), and others.