Originally, an unstable half-crouched posture in which one cannot fully straighten the hips. By extension, it describes a hesitant attitude lacking confidence and passive, as if shrinking back. Used in expressions like 「及び腰で交渉に臨む」 and 「政府の及び腰な姿勢」.
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N2及ぼすおよぼす
To exert influence, damage, etc. on something else. Often combined with set nouns, as in 影響を及ぼす (have an effect on), 損害を及ぼす (cause damage to). 「及ぼす」 is used for the side that exerts the effect, and 「及ぶ」 for the side the effect reaches: 「影響を及ぼす」 versus 「影響が及ぶ」.
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N2折り返しおりかえし
Turning back partway, or the point at which one turns back. By extension, it also means to reply or contact someone back promptly upon receiving their message. Frequently used as a business expression, as in 「折り返し電話する」 and 「折り返しご連絡ください」.
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N2折り紙おりがみ
A game or craft of folding paper into shapes such as animals or flowers. Also refers to a guarantee by an authoritative person that something has assured value or skill, used idiomatically in the form 「折り紙つき」. The latter meaning derives from the fact that authentication certificates were folded papers.
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N2, N5降りるおりる
To move from a high place to a low place. To get out of a train or car. Example: 「バスを降りる」 (to get off a bus). The antonym is 「のる」 (to get on).
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N2織るおる
To combine threads vertically and horizontally to make cloth. Incorporating another element into a story is also expressed as 「織り込む」「織り交ぜる」.
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N2愚かおろか
Lacking careful thought, so that one's judgment or behavior is not wise. Used to describe a person or their words and actions.
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N5終わるおわる
end. For something that was continuing to reach its stopping point. Example: 「じゅぎょうが終わる」 (class ends). The antonym is 「始まる」 (to begin).
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N5音楽おんがく
music. Something enjoyed through the sound of singing or instruments.
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N2恩恵おんけい
A blessing or benefit received from others, nature, and so on. Used in expressions like 「恩恵を受ける」 and 「科学の恩恵」.
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N2温床おんしょう
A hotbed with raised soil temperature used to grow plant seedlings. By extension, it refers to a cause or environment in which something undesirable arises and grows. It is often used figuratively, as in 「犯罪の温床」 and 「不正の温床」.
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N5女おんな
woman. One of the sexes of a person. The antonym is 「男」 (man).
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N5女の子おんなのこ
girl. A female child.
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N2音波おんぱ
Vibrations transmitted through air or other media that can be heard as sound. Used in technical contexts of physics and engineering, such as 「超音波」 or 「音波探知機」. A specialized term encountered in science classes or descriptions of medical equipment.