The society in which people live. Example: 「世の中の動き」 (movements/trends in society).
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N2, N4, N5呼ぶよぶ
call. To say a person's name, etc., aloud to get their attention.
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N3予防よぼう
prevention. To take measures in advance so that illness or accidents, etc., do not occur. Example: 「風邪の予防」 (cold prevention).
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N2, N5読むよむ
read. To look at characters and grasp their meaning.
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N4予約よやく
To reserve a seat or room, etc., in advance.
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N2, N4, N5寄るよる
To go somewhere nearby. Used in the sense of stopping by a place. Example: 「店に寄る」 (to stop by a shop).
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N5夜よる
night. The time when the sun has set.
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N3, N4喜ぶよろこぶ
To feel happy, and show that feeling.
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N3, N5弱いよわい
A state where strength is small. The antonym is 「強い」 (strong).
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N5来月らいげつ
The month after this month.
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N5来週らいしゅう
The week after this week.
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N5来年らいねん
The year after this year.
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N3楽らく
A state with no suffering or burden. Example: 「楽な仕事」 (an easy job), 「体が楽になる」 (to feel physically at ease). Also used to mean something is simple/easy, as in 「この問題は楽だ」 (this problem is easy).
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N3乱暴らんぼう
Being rough and lacking care. Example: 「物を乱暴に扱う」 (to handle things roughly). Also used to mean using violence against a person.
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N2, N3理解りかい
understanding. Correctly grasping the meaning or content of something. Example: 「話を理解する」 (to understand what someone is saying). Also used to mean being considerate of another person's feelings, as in 「理解のある上司」 (an understanding boss).
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N3陸りく
The part of the earth's surface that is not sea. Example: 「陸に上がる」 (to come ashore). The antonym is 「海」 (sea).
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N3離婚りこん
divorce. Two married people formally ending their marriage. The antonym is 「結婚」 (marriage).
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N2, N4理由りゆう
The reason why something happened.
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N3流行りゅうこう
A period when something becomes widely favored and spreads among many people. Example: 「流行の服」 (fashionable/trendy clothes). In spoken language, 「はやり」 or the verb 「流行る」 is more common.
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N3量りょう
quantity. The amount or bulk of something. Example: 「量が多い」 (a large quantity). The word with the opposite meaning is 「質」 (quality).
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N2, N4利用りよう
To make good use of a thing or system.
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N3両替りょうがえ
To exchange money for another type of money. Example: 「円をドルに両替する」 (to exchange yen for dollars).
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N3料金りょうきん
fee. Money paid for a service or the use of something. Example: 「電車の料金」 (train fare), 「電気料金」 (electricity fee).
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N5両親りょうしん
One's father and mother.
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N4両方りょうほう
Both of two things. Not just one side, but a word that refers to both of them.
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N5料理りょうり
cooking. To make food. Also, the completed food itself.
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N5旅行りょこう
travel. To go to another place and enjoy oneself.
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N4留守るす
Not being at home, or being away from home.
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N3留守番るすばん
To stay at home and watch over it while others are out; also the person doing so. Example: 「子どもだけで留守番をする」 (children staying home alone). A machine that records messages from incoming calls is called 「留守番電話」 (answering machine).
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N2, N3例れい
example. A specific thing of the same kind shown to explain something. Example: 「例を挙げる」 (to give an example). Also used in the phrase 「例の話」 to refer to a matter that both parties already know about.
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N5冷蔵庫れいぞうこ
refrigerator. A device that keeps food cold so it doesn't spoil easily.
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N3冷凍れいとう
To freeze food, etc., for preservation. Example: 「冷凍食品」 (frozen food). The antonym is 「解凍」 (thawing).
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N4冷房れいぼう
To cool a room, and the machine for it. The antonym is「暖房（だんぼう）」(heating).
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N2〜N4歴史れきし
The flow of events from long ago to now.
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N3列れつ
A line formed by people or things arranged in a row. Example: 「列に並ぶ」 (to line up).
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N3列車れっしゃ
A connected series of railway carriages. Example: 「夜行列車」 (a night train). In daily conversation, 「電車」 is more commonly used; 「列車」 is a somewhat more formal term.
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N3恋愛れんあい
To feel love and affection for someone. Example: 「恋愛小説」 (a romance novel).
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N5練習れんしゅう
practice. To do something repeatedly in order to become skilled at it.
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N3連続れんぞく
The same thing continuing to happen repeatedly. Example: 「3日連続で雨だ」 (rain for three days in a row), 「連続ドラマ」 (a serial drama).
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N3, N4連絡れんらく
To inform someone by phone, letter, etc.
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N3老人ろうじん
A person who has grown old. Example: 「老人ホーム」 (a nursing home). The expressions 「お年寄り」 and 「高齢者」 are also commonly used.
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N3録音ろくおん
To record sound using a device. Example: 「会議を録音する」 (to record a meeting). For video, the term 「録画」 is used instead.
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N5六月ろくがつ
The 6th month of the year.
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N3輪わ
A round shape. Something circular. Example: 「輪になって座る」 (to sit in a circle), 「輪ゴム」 (rubber band).
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N2, N5若いわかい
young. Having few years.
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N2, N4沸かすわかす
To make water, etc., hot. Example:「お湯を沸かす」(to boil water). The paired word is「沸く（わく）」(to boil).
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N3若者わかもの
A young person. Example: 「若者に人気の店」 (a shop popular with young people).
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N3, N5分かるわかる
understand. For meaning or content to enter one's mind.
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N3分かれるわかれる
For one thing to become two or more. Example: 「道が二つに分かれる」 (the road splits into two), 「意見が分かれる」 (opinions differ). 「分かれる」 is used when something splits on its own, while 「分ける」 is used when a person divides it: compare 「道が二つに分かれる」 with 「道を二つに分ける」. Note: when it means parting with a person, it is written 「別れる」.