dance. To move one's body to music, and the skill of doing so. Includes dances performed at festivals, etc.
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N4踊るおどる
To move one's body in time with music. Example: 「みんなでおどる」 (everyone dances together).
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N4驚くおどろく
To be surprised because something unexpected happened. Example: 「しらせをきいて驚く」 (to be surprised at hearing the news).
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N5お腹おなか
The middle part of the body where food goes. Example: 「お腹がすく」 (to get hungry), 「お腹が痛い」 (to have a stomachache).
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N5同じおなじ
same. Having no difference. Example: 「同じ学校」 (the same school), 「同じ大きさ」 (the same size). The antonym is 「ちがう」 (different).
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N5お兄さんおにいさん
A word for calling one's older brother. Someone else's older brother is also called 「お兄さん」.
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N5お姉さんおねえさん
A word for calling one's older sister. Someone else's older sister is also called 「お姉さん」.
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N5おばあさんおばあさん
An elderly woman. Also, one's father's or mother's mother.
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N5おばさんおばさん
A word for one's father's or mother's sister. Also used for an unfamiliar adult woman. Written with the kanji 「伯母さん」 or 「叔母さん」, but usually written in hiragana.
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N2, N3帯おび
A long piece of cloth wrapped around the waist over a kimono. Example: 「帯を締める」 (to tie an obi). The paper wrapped around a book's cover is also called 「帯」 (obi/band).
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N1, N3脅かすおびやかす
To endanger another's position or safety, causing anxiety. Used as in「地位を脅かす」「平和を脅かす」. The same kanji read as「おどかす」becomes a separate word meaning "to startle," whereas「おびやかす」is used with the meaning of jeopardizing an ongoing state such as position or safety.
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N2, N5覚えるおぼえる
To take something into one's mind and not forget it. Example: 「ことばを覚える」 (to memorize words). The antonym is 「わすれる」 (to forget).
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N3溺れるおぼれる
drown. To be unable to swim and be on the verge of dying in the water. Example: 「川で溺れる」 (to drown in a river). Also used to mean being absorbed in a bad pleasure, as in 「酒に溺れる」 (to be addicted to alcohol).
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N4お祭りおまつり
festival. An event held in a town or shrine, such as to give thanks to the gods.
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N3お目に掛かるおめにかかる
A humble way of saying 「会う」 (to meet). Example: 「一度お目に掛かりたいのですが」 (I would like to meet you once). Used when meeting someone of higher status.
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N3, N5重いおもい
A state requiring strength to lift. Example: 「重いかばん」 (a heavy bag). The antonym is 「軽い」 (light).
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N4思い出すおもいだす
To bring something forgotten back to mind. Example: 「むかしのことを思い出す」 (to recall something from long ago).
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N3〜N5思うおもう
To think or feel something in one's mind. Example: 「あしたは雨だと思う」 (I think it will rain tomorrow).
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N2, N5面白いおもしろい
A state of feeling like laughing, or feeling fun. Example: 「面白い話」 (an interesting story). Also used for books or work, meaning "interesting."
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N4おもちゃおもちゃ
toy. Something for children to play with.
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N2, N4表おもて
The side of something that faces forward or can be seen from the outside. The antonym is 「裏」 (the back/reverse side). The same 「表」 read as 「ひょう」 is a different word referring to something in which figures or items are arranged vertically and horizontally.
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N3主におもに
mainly. As the center. For the most part. Example: 「主に若い人が利用する」 (mainly used by young people), 「主に野菜を作っている」 (mainly grows vegetables).
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N3思わずおもわず
Naturally, without intending to. Example: 「思わず笑ってしまった」 (couldn't help laughing), 「思わず声が出た」 (a sound escaped involuntarily).
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N4親おや
parent. The person who gave birth to and raises a child. Father and mother.
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N5泳ぐおよぐ
swim. To move through the water by moving one's hands and feet. Example: 「海で泳ぐ」 (to swim in the sea).
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N3及ぶおよぶ
For something to reach as far as a certain point. To spread. In the form 「〜に及ばない」, it means there is no need to do that.
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N4下りるおりる
To move from a high place to a low place. Example: 「かいだんを下りる」 (to go down the stairs). Also used to mean getting off a vehicle, as in 「バスを下りる」 (to get off a bus).
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N2, N5降りるおりる
To move from a high place to a low place. To get out of a train or car. Example: 「バスを降りる」 (to get off a bus). The antonym is 「のる」 (to get on).
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N3, N4折るおる
To bend a hard object and separate it. Example: 「えだを折る」 (to break a branch). Also used to mean bending paper to make a shape, as in 「かみを折る」 (to fold paper).
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N4お礼おれい
To convey a feeling of gratitude, or the words used to do so, when someone has helped you. Example: 「お礼を言う」 (to say thank you).
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N1, N3, N4折れるおれる
For a hard object to bend and separate. Example: 「えだが折れる」 (a branch breaks).
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N3降ろすおろす
To take a person or luggage out of a vehicle. Example: 「駅前で客を降ろす」 (to drop off a passenger in front of the station). The homophone 「下ろす」 means to move something from a high place to a low place (e.g. 「棚から荷物を下ろす」, to take luggage down from a shelf; 「お金を下ろす」, to withdraw money), and is written differently.
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N4終わりおわり
For something to come to an end, the final part. The antonym is 「はじめ」 (the beginning).
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N5終わるおわる
end. For something that was continuing to reach its stopping point. Example: 「じゅぎょうが終わる」 (class ends). The antonym is 「始まる」 (to begin).
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N3恩おん
A helpful favor received from someone, for which one is grateful. Example: 「恩を返す」 (to repay a favor), 「恩を忘れない」 (to never forget a kindness). Also forms compound words like 「恩人」 (a person one owes gratitude to) and 「恩師」 (a teacher one is grateful to).
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N5音楽おんがく
music. Something enjoyed through the sound of singing or instruments.
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N3温暖おんだん
A state where the climate is warm and mild. Example: 「温暖な気候」 (a warm climate), 「地球温暖化」 (global warming). The antonym is 「寒冷」 (cold climate).
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N3温度おんど
temperature. The degree of warmth or coldness. Example: 「部屋の温度」 (room temperature), 「温度を測る」 (to measure the temperature).
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N5女おんな
woman. One of the sexes of a person. The antonym is 「男」 (man).
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N5女の子おんなのこ
girl. A female child.
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N3開会かいかい
To begin a meeting or event. Example: 「開会式」 (opening ceremony), 「開会を宣言する」 (to declare the opening). The antonym is 「閉会」 (closing).
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N4会議かいぎ
meeting. To gather with others to discuss something, such as for work.
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N4会議室かいぎしつ
meeting room. A room for holding meetings.
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N3解決かいけつ
To properly settle a problem or dispute. Example: 「事件を解決する」 (to resolve an incident), 「問題が解決した」 (the problem has been resolved).
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N3開始かいし
start. To begin something. Example: 「試合開始」 (the start of the match), 「販売を開始する」 (to start sales). A more formal word than 「始める」. The word with the opposite meaning is 「終了」 (end).
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N5会社かいしゃ
company. A place where people gather to work. Example: 「会社に行く」 (to go to work/the office).
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N3外出がいしゅつ
To go out from one's home or workplace. Example: 「外出中」 (out at the moment), 「外出をひかえる」 (to refrain from going out).
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N4会場かいじょう
venue. A place where a ceremony, tournament, exhibition, etc., is held.
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N3改善かいぜん
improvement. To fix something bad and make it better. Example: 「生活を改善する」 (to improve one's lifestyle), 「関係が改善する」 (relations improve). The antonym is 「改悪」 (a change for the worse).
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N5階段かいだん
stairs. A place connecting an upper floor and a lower floor, climbed and descended on foot.