English. The language spoken in the UK, the US, etc.
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N5ええええ
A word for answering, meaning the same as 「はい」 (yes). Used in spoken language.
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N5駅えき
station. A place where trains stop and people get on and off.
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N4枝えだ
branch. The part that grows out, branching off from the trunk of a tree.
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N4選ぶえらぶ
choose. To take something one thinks is good from among many. Example: 「プレゼントを選ぶ」 (to choose a gift).
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N5鉛筆えんぴつ
pencil. A tool for writing letters or drawing pictures. Can be erased with an eraser.
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N4遠慮えんりょ
To refrain from doing or saying what one wants, out of consideration for the other person. Example: 「遠慮しないで食べてください」 (please help yourself, no need to hold back). Also used to politely prohibit something, as in 「タバコはご遠慮ください」 (please refrain from smoking).
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N2, N5おいしいおいしい
delicious. Having a good taste. Example: 「おいしいりょうり」 (delicious food). The spoken word 「うまい」 has the same meaning.
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N4お祝いおいわい
Celebrating something good, such as a birthday or passing an exam. It also refers to an event held for that purpose, or to a gift or money given to convey a feeling of celebration. Examples: 「お祝いをする」 (to hold a celebration), 「お祝いをおくる」 (to send a congratulatory gift).
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N5多いおおい
A state where a number or amount is large. Example: 「人が多い」 (there are many people). The antonym is 「少ない」 (few).
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N5大きいおおきい
big. A state where the shape, number, sound, etc., of something is above normal. Example: 「大きい家」 (a big house), 「大きい声」 (a loud voice). The antonym is 「小さい」 (small).
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N5大きなおおきな
Having the same meaning as 「大きい」, but only used in the form before a noun. Used as in 「大きな木」 (a big tree), and cannot be used at the end of a sentence.
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N5大勢おおぜい
Being many people. Used only for people, not things. The same 「大勢」 read as 「たいせい」 is a different word referring to the overall course of a situation.
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N5お母さんおかあさん
A word for calling one's mother. Also used to refer to someone else's mother. When talking to others about one's own mother, 「母」 is used.
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N3, N4おかげおかげ
When someone's help or a good influence becomes the source of a good result. It is almost always used in the form 「〜のおかげで」, and 「おかげ」 is rarely used on its own. Example:「先生のおかげで、ごうかくしました」(thanks to my teacher, I passed). In greetings, the set form 「おかげさまで」 is used to thank someone who has been concerned about you. For a bad result 「せい」 is used instead, but 「おかげ」 is sometimes used on purpose for a bad result, to blame someone sarcastically. It is written 「お陰」 in kanji, but hiragana is normal.
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N5お菓子おかし
Sweets and similar items eaten for pleasure between meals. A polite form adding 「お」 to 「菓子」.
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N2, N4おかしいおかしい
A state that makes one want to laugh. Also used to mean something unusual and strange. Example: 「あじがおかしい」 (the taste is off).
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N5お金おかね
money. Something used when buying things.
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N4, N5起きるおきる
To get up from lying down. To wake up. Example: 「毎朝七時に起きる」 (to wake up at 7 every morning). Also used to mean an event occurring, as in 「じこが起きる」 (an accident occurs).
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N2, N5置くおく
put. To place something somewhere, or leave it as is. Example: 「つくえの上に本を置く」 (to put a book on a desk).
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N5奥さんおくさん
A word for referring to another person's wife. Not used for one's own wife.
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N4屋上おくじょう
rooftop. The outdoor area at the very top of a building.
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N4贈り物おくりもの
gift. Something given to a person. A present.
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N4送るおくる
To deliver a person or thing from one place to another. Example: 「にもつを送る」 (to send luggage). Also used to mean accompanying someone to help them get back, as in 「えきまで送る」 (to see someone off to the station).
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N4遅れるおくれる
To become later than a scheduled time. Example: 「じゅぎょうに遅れる」 (to be late for class).
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N4起こすおこす
To wake up a sleeping person. Example: 「あさ、こどもを起こす」 (to wake up a child in the morning). Also used to mean standing up something that has fallen over.
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N4行うおこなう
To actually carry out something. Often used for events or exams, etc. Example: 「うんどうかいを行う」 (to hold a sports day).
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N4怒るおこる
To feel angry because of something unpleasant. Example: 「大きいこえで怒る」 (to get angry in a loud voice). It also means to warn someone about their bad points in strong words. Examples: 「先生に怒られる」 (to be scolded by the teacher), 「母に怒られた」 (I was scolded by my mother). It is also read 「いかる」, and in that case it is mostly used in written language.
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N5お酒おさけ
A drink made from rice, etc., for adults to drink. Beer and wine are also collectively called 「お酒」.
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N5おじいさんおじいさん
An elderly man. Also, one's father's or mother's father. One's father's or mother's mother is 「おばあさん」.
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N5教えるおしえる
teach. To convey something one knows to another person. Example: 「日本語を教える」 (to teach Japanese). Also used to mean informing, as in 「道を教える」 (to tell someone the way).
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N5おじさんおじさん
A word for one's father's or mother's brother. Also used for an unfamiliar adult man. Written with the kanji 「伯父さん」 or 「叔父さん」, but usually written in hiragana.
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N3, N5押すおす
push. To apply force to move something forward or toward the other person. Example: 「ボタンを押す」 (to press a button). The antonym is 「引く」 (to pull).
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N5遅いおそい
A state of movement being slow. Example: 「あるくのが遅い」 (slow at walking). Also used to mean time being late, as in 「よるが遅い」 (late at night). The antonym is 「はやい」 (fast/early).
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N5お茶おちゃ
tea. A drink made by brewing with hot water. Often refers to Japanese green tea.
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N5お手洗いおてあらい
A polite way of saying toilet.
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N5お父さんおとうさん
A word for calling one's father. Also used to refer to someone else's father. When talking to others about one's own father, 「父」 is used.
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N5弟おとうと
A younger brother, born after oneself. A younger sister is 「妹」.
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N5男おとこ
man. One of the sexes of a person. The antonym is 「女」 (woman).
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N5男の子おとこのこ
boy. A male child.
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N4落とすおとす
To make something fall from above to below. Example: 「さいふを落とす」 (to drop one's wallet). Also used to mean losing something by one's own carelessness.
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N5一昨日おととい
The day before yesterday. Read as 「おととい」. Often written in hiragana.
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N5一昨年おととし
The year before last year. Read as 「おととし」.
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N3, N5大人おとな
adult. A grown person, not a child. Read as 「おとな」.
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N4踊りおどり
dance. To move one's body to music, and the skill of doing so. Includes dances performed at festivals, etc.
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N4踊るおどる
To move one's body in time with music. Example: 「みんなでおどる」 (everyone dances together).
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N4驚くおどろく
To be surprised because something unexpected happened. Example: 「しらせをきいて驚く」 (to be surprised at hearing the news).
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N5お腹おなか
The middle part of the body where food goes. Example: 「お腹がすく」 (to get hungry), 「お腹が痛い」 (to have a stomachache).
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N5同じおなじ
same. Having no difference. Example: 「同じ学校」 (the same school), 「同じ大きさ」 (the same size). The antonym is 「ちがう」 (different).
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N5お兄さんおにいさん
A word for calling one's older brother. Someone else's older brother is also called 「お兄さん」.